Flatland

There are seven errors in the picture that don't belong to a house in Flatland. Which are they?

 

The generative grammar

Chomsky says that there is a universal grammar that is part of the genetic heritage of human beings, which at birth, we have a basic linguistic pattern determining which are molded all languages​​. This unique capability is unique to the human species and the common use of language is evidence of the big possibilities of the creative potential linguistic of humanity. Indeed, Chomsky realized that the skill with which children learn the language even though they had little experience outside and lacking even a framework on which to base their understanding, may be due to the ability to not only the language but also basic grammar are innate is almost certain, he says, that people are not born 'programmed' for a language in particuar (a Chinese baby raised in USA speak English to an American identically while circling an American of Chinese-speaking people speak identically to a Chinese Chinese) fashion such that there is a universal grammar underlying structure of all languages​​. Chomsky used a system of symbols comparable to mathematical operations in order to make operations such universal grammar. The controversy between these two possibilities given by heredity or environmental influences, has a long history. The truth is that it is extremely difficult to make a strict separation between the two categories, because their deployment to the reality seems to demonstrate that both merge and feed. As is known, the theoretical line of behaviorism, argues that all behavior is acquired through learning since birth, humans are blank tables and for this reason it is possible to mold any conduct in humans through training. Chomsky criticizes the behaviorist position as it believes that its simplicity is not consistent with what happens in reality. In the particular case of language, it is remarkable how children manage to master something so complex in a short time and without any systematic instruction. However, every child around his second year of life, with the capacity to start using a system comprising numerous grammatical principles that could not be learned because the available data about the system itself, is clearly insufficient. The question is therefore whether it is possible to learn the grammar, because even for a professional linguist and made difficult by complex grammatical subtleties list involved in the creation of the sentences to be counted as 'correct', it is clearly stated in the wide variety of possible combinations. Studying a single paragraph brings to the table a rich analysis of subtle interrelationships coherent system within a grammatical system. Indeed, most of the prayers reducible to a mathematical structure are probably 'ungrammatical' and yet it is difficult to explain why these are 'wrong'. Chomsky believes that the nature of language study is necessary to understand what happens in the body of the child with the information that enters the grammatical constructions and then emerge from it through the use of language. This makes it possible to build an idea about the mental operations of the agency and the transition between what goes in and what comes out. To understand the nature of grammatical rules that providers use in simple sentences, we have to propose abstract structures and direct connection with the physical facts that take form to enter data and can only be derived by abstract nature and mental operations .

SystemRescueCd ( Rescuer Linux )

SystemRescueCd is a GNU / Linux bootable from cdrom for repairing your system and recover your data after a failure. It aims to provide an easy way to perform administrative tasks on your computer, such as creating and editing the partitions on your hard disk. It contains many system utilities (parted, partimage, fstools) and basic tools (editors, midnight commander, network tools). The goal is very easy to use: just boot from cdrom and you can do everything. The kernel of the system supports most important file systems (ext2/ext3, reiserfs, reiser4, xfs, jfs, vfat, ntfs, iso9660), and network ones (samba and nfs). These are the main tools of the system: GNU Party is the best tool to edit the partitions on your hard drive in Linux. GParted is a Partition Magic clone for Linux. Partimage is a clone of Ghost / Drive-image for Linux Tools filesystems (e2fsprogs, reiserfsprogs, reiser4progs, xfsprogs, jfsutils, ntfsprogs, dosfstools): allow you to format, resize, debug an existing partition on your hard drive. Sfdisk lets you backup and restore your partition table SystemRescueCd is also available for the blind. Now, the screen reader version 1.5 linux speakup is working well, and the reader's keypad is installed speakup. This function was tested by Gregory Nowak. You can make custom versions of the disc. For example, you can add your own scripts to perform an Automated System Recovery. You can also burn a customized DVD with SystemRescueCd and 4.2 GB for your data (backup, for example). Read the manual for details. Very easy to install SystemRescueCd on an USB pendrive. This is handy if you can not boot from the CD. You just have to copy multiple files to USB stick and run syslinux. The installation process can be done from Linux or Windows. Follow the manual instrucciones for details. SystemRescueCD

3 Libras by A Perfect Circle

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THE HITCHHIKER'S GUIDE TO THE GALAXY

"Far out in the uncharted backwaters of the unfashionable end of the Western Spiral arm of the Galaxy lies a small unregarded yellow sun. Orbiting this at a distance of roughly ninety-eight million miles is an utterly insignificant little blue-green planet whose ape-descended life forms are so amazingly primitive that they still think digital watches are a pretty neat idea." --- Douglas Adams

Unser chatroom

Get your own Chat Box! Go Large!

Happy Friendship Day

Friendship isn't about whom you have known the longest. It's about who came, and never left your side...
Become a super big orangutan hug from me ;) 

Digital Bath by Deftones

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This is water

There are these two young fish swimming along, and they happen to meet an older fish swimming the other way, who nods at them and says, "Morning, boys, how's the water?" And the two young fish swim on for a bit, and then eventually one of them looks over at the other and goes, "What the hell is water?"

If you're worried that I plan to present myself here as the wise old fish explaining what water is, please don't be. I am not the wise old fish. The immediate point of the fish story is that the most obvious, ubiquitous, important realities are often the ones that are the hardest to see and talk about. Stated as an English sentence, of course, this is just a banal platitude - but the fact is that, in the day-to-day trenches of adult existence, banal platitudes can have life-or-death importance. That may sound like hyperbole, or abstract nonsense. So let's get concrete ...

A huge percentage of the stuff that I tend to be automatically certain of is, it turns out, totally wrong and deluded. Here's one example of the utter wrongness of something I tend to be automatically sure of: everything in my own immediate experience supports my deep belief that I am the absolute centre of the universe, the realest, most vivid and important person in existence. We rarely talk about this sort of natural, basic self-centredness, because it's so socially repulsive, but it's pretty much the same for all of us, deep down. It is our default setting, hard-wired into our boards at birth. Think about it: there is no experience you've had that you were not at the absolute centre of. The world as you experience it is right there in front of you, or behind you, to the left or right of you, on your TV, or your monitor, or whatever. Other people's thoughts and feelings have to be communicated to you somehow, but your own are so immediate, urgent, real - you get the idea. But please don't worry that I'm getting ready to preach to you about compassion or other-directedness or the so-called "virtues". This is not a matter of virtue - it's a matter of my choosing to do the work of somehow altering or getting free of my natural, hard-wired default setting, which is to be deeply and literally self-centred, and to see and interpret everything through this lens of self.



By way of example, let's say it's an average day, and you get up in the morning, go to your challenging job, and you work hard for nine or ten hours, and at the end of the day you're tired, and you're stressed out, and all you want is to go home and have a good supper and maybe unwind for a couple of hours and then hit the rack early because you have to get up the next day and do it all again. But then you remember there's no food at home - you haven't had time to shop this week, because of your challenging job - and so now, after work, you have to get in your car and drive to the supermarket. It's the end of the workday, and the traffic's very bad, so getting to the store takes way longer than it should, and when you finally get there the supermarket is very crowded, because of course it's the time of day when all the other people with jobs also try to squeeze in some grocery shopping, and the store's hideously, fluorescently lit, and infused with soul-killing Muzak or corporate pop, and it's pretty much the last place you want to be, but you can't just get in and quickly out: you have to wander all over the huge, overlit store's crowded aisles to find the stuff you want, and you have to manoeuvre your junky cart through all these other tired, hurried people with carts, and of course there are also the glacially slow old people and the spacey people and the kids who all block the aisle and you have to grit your teeth and try to be polite as you ask them to let you by, and eventually, finally, you get all your supper supplies, except now it turns out there aren't enough checkout lanes open even though it's the end-of-the-day rush, so the checkout line is incredibly long, which is stupid and infuriating, but you can't take your fury out on the frantic lady working the register.

Anyway, you finally get to the checkout line's front, and pay for your food, and wait to get your cheque or card authenticated by a machine, and then get told to "Have a nice day" in a voice that is the absolute voice of death, and then you have to take your creepy flimsy plastic bags of groceries in your cart through the crowded, bumpy, littery parking lot, and try to load the bags in your car in such a way that everything doesn't fall out of the bags and roll around in the trunk on the way home, and then you have to drive all the way home through slow, heavy, SUV-intensive rush-hour traffic, etc, etc.

The point is that petty, frustrating crap like this is exactly where the work of choosing comes in. Because the traffic jams and crowded aisles and long checkout lines give me time to think, and if I don't make a conscious decision about how to think and what to pay attention to, I'm going to be pissed and miserable every time I have to food-shop, because my natural default setting is the certainty that situations like this are really all about me, about my hungriness and my fatigue and my desire to just get home, and it's going to seem, for all the world, like everybody else is just in my way, and who are all these people in my way? And look at how repulsive most of them are and how stupid and cow-like and dead-eyed and nonhuman they seem here in the checkout line, or at how annoying and rude it is that people are talking loudly on cell phones in the middle of the line, and look at how deeply unfair this is: I've worked really hard all day and I'm starved and tired and I can't even get home to eat and unwind because of all these stupid goddamn people.

Or if I'm in a more socially conscious form of my default setting, I can spend time in the end-of-the-day traffic jam being angry and disgusted at all the huge, stupid, lane-blocking SUVs and Hummers and V12 pickup trucks burning their wasteful, selfish, 40-gallon tanks of gas, and I can dwell on the fact that the patriotic or religious bumper stickers always seem to be on the biggest, most disgustingly selfish vehicles driven by the ugliest, most inconsiderate and aggressive drivers, who are usually talking on cell phones as they cut people off in order to get just 20 stupid feet ahead in a traffic jam, and I can think about how our children's children will despise us for wasting all the future's fuel and probably screwing up the climate, and how spoiled and stupid and disgusting we all are, and how it all just sucks ...

If I choose to think this way, fine, lots of us do - except that thinking this way tends to be so easy and automatic it doesn't have to be a choice. Thinking this way is my natural default setting. It's the automatic, unconscious way that I experience the boring, frustrating, crowded parts of adult life when I'm operating on the automatic, unconscious belief that I am the centre of the world and that my immediate needs and feelings are what should determine the world's priorities. The thing is that there are obviously different ways to think about these kinds of situations. In this traffic, all these vehicles stuck and idling in my way: it's not impossible that some of these people in SUVs have been in horrible car accidents in the past and now find driving so traumatic that their therapist has all but ordered them to get a huge, heavy SUV so they can feel safe enough to drive; or that the Hummer that just cut me off is maybe being driven by a father whose little child is hurt or sick in the seat next to him, and he's trying to rush to the hospital, and he's in a much bigger, more legitimate hurry than I am - it is actually I who am in his way.

Again, please don't think that I'm giving you moral advice, or that I'm saying you're "supposed to" think this way, or that anyone expects you to just automatically do it, because it's hard, it takes will and mental effort, and if you're like me, some days you won't be able to do it, or you just flat-out won't want to. But most days, if you're aware enough to give yourself a choice, you can choose to look differently at this fat, dead-eyed, over-made-up lady who just screamed at her little child in the checkout line - maybe she's not usually like this; maybe she's been up three straight nights holding the hand of her husband who's dying of bone cancer, or maybe this very lady is the low-wage clerk at the Motor Vehicles Dept who just yesterday helped your spouse resolve a nightmarish red-tape problem through some small act of bureaucratic kindness. Of course, none of this is likely, but it's also not impossible - it just depends on what you want to consider. If you're automatically sure that you know what reality is and who and what is really important - if you want to operate on your default setting - then you, like me, will not consider possibilities that aren't pointless and annoying. But if you've really learned how to think, how to pay attention, then you will know you have other options. It will be within your power to experience a crowded, loud, slow, consumer-hell-type situation as not only meaningful but sacred, on fire with the same force that lit the stars - compassion, love, the sub-surface unity of all things. Not that that mystical stuff's necessarily true: the only thing that's capital-T True is that you get to decide how you're going to try to see it. You get to consciously decide what has meaning and what doesn't. You get to decide what to worship.

Because here's something else that's true. In the day-to-day trenches of adult life, there is no such thing as atheism. There is no such thing as not worshipping. Everybody worships. The only choice we get is what to worship. And an outstanding reason for choosing some sort of god or spiritual-type thing to worship - be it JC or Allah, be it Yahweh or the Wiccan mother-goddess or the Four Noble Truths or some infrangible set of ethical principles - is that pretty much anything else you worship will eat you alive. If you worship money and things - if they are where you tap real meaning in life - then you will never have enough. Never feel you have enough. It's the truth. Worship your own body and beauty and sexual allure and you will always feel ugly, and when time and age start showing, you will die a million deaths before they finally plant you. On one level, we all know this stuff already - it's been codified as myths, proverbs, clichés, bromides, epigrams, parables: the skeleton of every great story. The trick is keeping the truth up front in daily consciousness. Worship power - you will feel weak and afraid, and you will need ever more power over others to keep the fear at bay. Worship your intellect, being seen as smart - you will end up feeling stupid, a fraud, always on the verge of being found out.

The insidious thing about these forms of worship is not that they're evil or sinful; it is that they are unconscious. They are default settings. They're the kind of worship you just gradually slip into, day after day, getting more and more selective about what you see and how you measure value without ever being fully aware that that's what you're doing. And the world will not discourage you from operating on your default settings, because the world of men and money and power hums along quite nicely on the fuel of fear and contempt and frustration and craving and the worship of self. Our own present culture has harnessed these forces in ways that have yielded extraordinary wealth and comfort and personal freedom. The freedom to be lords of our own tiny skull-sized kingdoms, alone at the centre of all creation. This kind of freedom has much to recommend it. But there are all different kinds of freedom, and the kind that is most precious you will not hear much talked about in the great outside world of winning and achieving and displaying. The really important kind of freedom involves attention, and awareness, and discipline, and effort, and being able truly to care about other people and to sacrifice for them, over and over, in myriad petty little unsexy ways, every day. That is real freedom. The alternative is unconsciousness, the default setting, the "rat race" - the constant gnawing sense of having had and lost some infinite thing.

I know that this stuff probably doesn't sound fun and breezy or grandly inspirational. What it is, so far as I can see, is the truth with a whole lot of rhetorical bullshit pared away. Obviously, you can think of it whatever you wish. But please don't dismiss it as some finger-wagging Dr Laura sermon. None of this is about morality, or religion, or dogma, or big fancy questions of life after death. The capital-T Truth is about life before death. It is about making it to 30, or maybe 50, without wanting to shoot yourself in the head. It is about simple awareness - awareness of what is so real and essential, so hidden in plain sight all around us, that we have to keep reminding ourselves, over and over: "This is water, this is water."

Pepe le Pew

Puffy the kid

The Black Swan Theory

The Black Swan Theory : The Impact of the Highly  Improbably; it is  a metaphoric  theory developed by Nassim Nicholas Taleb that refers to almost all major scientific discoveries, historical events, and artistic accomplishments that don’t have a  direction and are unexpected as "black swans".

Several examples and concepts "Is it luck?: Fooled by randomness" the start point of  the problem of induction exemplified graphically in the case of "Russell duck " which founds that every morning the humans fed him , after several months of observations the duck  concludes as a  universal law ("these humans are  so nice, they must love me  a lot, every day I get to eat"), when the arrival of Thanksgiving Day  came the  unexpected death for the duck. Well, our thinking is not very different from the "Russell duck." Much of the mathematical statistics, calculated risks and probability distributions are crossed by this way of thinking: a higher frequency of occurrence of an event less sensitivity to the unexpected.
A casualty satisfies these three properties: high impact, impossible to calculate and surprise. First, the incidence produces a disproportionately large effect. Second, it has a small chance but impossible to calculate based on available information before the fact of being perceived. Third, the most damaging property of the "black swan" is its surprise effect: at any given time of observation there is no convincing evidence indicating that the event will occur.

A black swan effect is the retrospective distortion, something that economists and historians to explain the causes of an economic crisis or a world war, but are unable to anticipate it:. There is a philosophical and genetic basis for understanding that fact. The evolution did not favor us with a type of complex and probabilistic thinking, on the contrary we are very quick to take instant decisions supported by a minimal amount of data or theories superficial and lacking in strength, perhaps because those who saw a lion and ran away by assume that all wild animals always eat humans were more likely to survive than those who preferred to test this hypothesis experimentally. Of course there are  friendly lions  (as there are black swans), but it is better to be prudent and cautious instead of  suffer the consequences later (problem of induction). There is also a fundamental philosophical problem: the Platonicity or "Platonic fallacy." We are children of the Platonic school that encouraged us to prefer the structured theory, ordinary and understandable to the messy and complex reality on the other hand, also inclines us to select only those facts that fit our theories (fallacy of silent evidence) or when the events have taken place

Another phenomenon is the circularity of statistics and the collateral damage caused by the normal or Gaussian distribution: we need data to find the probability distribution. How do we know if we have enough for the probability distribution?. How do you know which is Gaussian?. By the data. So we need data to tell us what the probability distribution we must assume, and that a probability distribution to tell us how much data we need. This circularity causes serious problems in the regression, more pressing when applied without discrimination of Gaussian distributions to everything that moves. Imagine that we have in a football stadium 1,000 people randomly assembled inside. If we add to them the tallest person in the world will it change much the average height of 1,001 people gathered?. No, not hardly vary. Welcome to Mediocristan, whose mathematics is the algebra of classical statistics and probability theory. In that world, the distributions are normal, with curves in the form of the famous bell curve. Individual variations do not vary much average. Now let's take those same 1,000 people and we come into the stadium Bill Gates, reportedly one of  the richest men in the world. Will it change much the average wealth of the gathering? Yes, change from one form to enter brutal Bill with more than 50,000 million dollars of assets. Welcome to Extremistan, which are much less orthodox mathematics, for example, fractal geometry, those distributions follow a power law as the Zipf or Pareto or, more recently, the "Long Tail”,  black swans are Extremistan.

The neurologists know that our brains are programmed to be in control of everything that happens. However, the fact is that our brain is literally in the dark, hidden under the cranial cavity, and the only contact I have outside is through imperfect bodies, either the sight, touch, sense of smell or taste. And since our brain is programmed to control everything and due to imperfection of the perceptions that come to him, elaborates what he can, creating abstract models of reality, which sometimes do not have to coincide with reality itself. In few words, the explanation could be that we are not physiologically prepared for unforeseen events. There are unpredictable events yet.

Happy New Year

On the 17th of June, 2009, by means of supreme decree Bolivian president Evo Morales, of Aymara origin, declared that every 21st of June to be a national holiday to celebrate the winter solstice. On the 7th of June 2010 the law was passed and the holiday is to be called the ‘Aymara New Year’ and must be celebrated as a national Holiday which means that all public and private institutions, companies and schools throughout the entire nation must suspend their activities.

 What is this holiday? Basically, the Aymara New Year is a ceremony involving the Winter Solstice. In pre-Colonial America, the native peoples of the Andean highlands depended on agriculture and their agricultural rituals were carried out to obtain the blessings of the gods, above all the Pachamama (Mother Earth) and Inti (Father Sun), to ensure an abundant harvest. The Quechuas and Aymara celebrated two annual festivities: the planting season and the harvest, coinciding with the summer and winter solstices. Some Amazonian tribes also celebrated the solstice, with other rituals and in a different manner, each according to their customs.

 However, let’s focus on what this celebration is according to the Aymara. Every 21st of June, from very early in the morning, when dawn is beginning and the first rays of sun have not yet shone, a group of amautas (a type of priest) meets with various ceremonial objects in the Temple of Kalasasaya, in Tiwanaku and they make toasts (wassail), burn offerings, and sacrifice tiny immaculate llamas as they wait for the rays of sun to pass through the Gate of the Sun, located in the same temple. This officially initiates a new agricultural cycle. They don’t measure time by the Western system of 12 months and 4 seasons. They have two ways of dividing their time: the first is a solar year which is divided into two periods, the summer solstice (December-January) and the winter solstice (June-July). The latter ends precisely on June 21st, and on this date one solar year ends and a new one begins. The second manner in which they divide their calendar, is in three seasons called ‘pachas’, each of which is divided further, and this is based on the climate.

Aymara New Year Activities

 

In a country of nearly 10 million, only about 2 million people identify themselves as Aymara and of those, many are actually mestizo (indigenous/European mix). People throughout the country who are not Aymara are very upset at having the Aymara New Year imposed upon them. In any case, those companies that do not shut down and whose employees work on this date will be fined and will be forced to pay their workers double for the day.

According to Aymara timekeeping, whose history has been passed down orally, the 21st of June 2010 will mark the 5,518th year of the Aymara culture. The Ministry of Culture is planning and promoting celebrations in La Paz, Cochabamba, Santa Cruz, and for the first time, near Uyuni in Potosí.


In La Paz there will be celebrations in Tiwanaku, Sorata, El Alto, Copacabana, the Valley of the Moon, and Pasto Grande.
In Cochabamba, at the ruins of Incallajta, there will be ceremonies and rituals to welcome the Aymara New Year.
In Santa Cruz, at Samaipata, the winter solstice will be celebrated as an astronomical phenomenon, (although the ruins at Samaipata are also not of Aymara origin).
In Potosí, there will be typical music and dances at Tahua, a visit to the ruins in Vinto, and at dawn participants will go to the island of Tajarete to await the sunrise.

The Arguments Against Aymara New Year

 

Cultural argument: The most vociferous argument made by those who oppose this holiday is based on the fact that Bolivia is not an Aymara nation. In fact, there are dozens of native Bolivian cultures and therefore, they argue, the rituals of only one culture are being imposed upon all the other cultures, some of which are also very large ethnic groups, such as the Quechua and the Guaraní. It’s not that they are against the festivity itself; after all, it’s perfectly understandable that the Aymara culture should continue with its customs. What they are against is the fact that the entire country is being forced to obey with complete disregard for those who are not Aymara, those who are of different ethnic groups, those who are mestizo (mixed race), and worse yet, those who are not even remotely indigenous. Therefore, they argue the Aymara New Year should be limited to the regions where the Aymara population is numerous, in other words, Western Bolivia.

The Constitutional argument: The new Bolivian Constitution, passed in 2009 at the insistence of the current government’s political party, establishes Bolivia as a ‘plurinational’ state, and guarantees respect for the customs and lifestyles of each and every one of the 36 ethnic groups that inhabit Bolivia, no matter how large or small they are. This would make imposing the Aymara New Year on non-Aymara peoples unconstitutional.

Historical argument: There are those who argue that there is no evidence the Aymara ever celebrated a New Year prior to the arrival of the Spanish. They also affirm that this “Aymara New Year” is nothing more than a celebration of the potato harvest which doesn’t actually occur on the 21st of June. The first existing evidence of this celebration is from the 16th Century when Incan Emperor Pachacutec imposed the celebration of the Inti Raymi (the festival of the Sun god) on all people Incas or not, free or colonized, throughout the entire Tawantisuyo, the territory over which the Incas ruled. In addition, writings from the era when the Spanish arrived contain no evidence of an “Aymara New Year” but do mention the Inti Raymi.

The vindicative argument: There are those who explain that, taking into account historical evidence, this celebration is very recent, and is actually an attempt to vindicate the Aymara culture and that these ceremonies were created for this sole objective. They claim that the ceremony uses the customs of other cultures to give it an “ancestral” feel, not to mention what a great tourist attraction it makes. There are also those who argue that elements not native to the Aymara culture are included in order to manipulate ideologies, and that this is actually detrimental to this culture as it corrupts their identity even further.

 Archeological argument: This argument states that almost nothing is known about the Aymara culture as they have no written history and very little archeological evidence of their culture has been found. In addition, because they were conquered by the Incas they were “Quechua-ized”, and in fact, their very name “Aymara” is actually a Quechua word used to describe natives who are not Quechua, who were deported as slave labor to the Inca Empire. The word is not original to their true ethnic identity and was grossly mispronounced by the Spaniards. Therefore, there is no evidence that the origins of this festivity are Aymara. In addition, the location where they now celebrate this Aymara New Year, the ruins of Tiwanaku are not Aymara ruins. They belong to the Tiwanakotas, a different culture. Finally, there is concern, among archeologists and local inhabitants of Tiwanaku, that the ruins will be damaged.

 

 

Life is not about waiting for the storm to pass but learning to dance in the rain

The event also allows us to comment about  an old phenomenon that strikes us in a cyclic way; waiting for the great happiness, while we disregard the small joys of everyday life. Wait!!!, do nothing but wait!!! and while waiting, life is spent and still keep on waiting without knowing what to expect ... perhaps not waiting.

One thing is to hope for something to happen and quite another to make it all turn around its arrival. Let's be consistent enough to live each day with enthusiasm because, Wait for what? Death? A change in the wind?, it will run eternal. A change of opinion?, some people never change. A stroke of luck?, fortune rarely appears suddenly. A miracle?, Well, I don't say that doesn't occur, but they are soooo scarce.

Wait for  all these if we want and do it with confidence, but do not put off anything for it and not stop to enjoy a single day of our life, or get ready to learn or improve, nor to know, love, feel , enjoy, laugh ... in few words to live!.

Don't judge unless you feel the flames

“The so-called ‘psychotically depressed’ person who tries to kill herself doesn’t do so out of quote ‘hopelessness’ or any abstract conviction that life’s assets and debits do not square. And surely not because death seems suddenly appealing. The person in whom Its invisible agony reaches a certain unendurable level will kill herself the same way a trapped person will eventually jump from the window of a burning high-rise. Make no mistake about people who leap from burning windows. Their terror of falling from a great height is still just as great as it would be for you or me standing speculatively at the same window just checking out the view; i.e. the fear of falling remains a constant. The variable here is the other terror, the fire’s flames: when the flames get close enough, falling to death becomes the slightly less terrible of two terrors. It’s not desiring the fall; it’s terror of the flames. And yet nobody down on the sidewalk, looking up and yelling ‘Don’t!’ and ‘Hang on!’, can understand the jump. Not really. You’d have to have personally been trapped and felt flames to really understand a terror way beyond falling.”

                                                                            --- David Foster Wallace

The perfect friend

Emoticon Holiday Party

Kuntrumanta Surumanta

La fábula del zorro y el cóndor 

(Hasta los animales deberían temerle  a la altura y al frío del altiplano) 

 Érase una vez un zorro presumido que se encontró con un cóndor. Le dijo al cóndor:
- Yo soy más inteligente que tú. Nadie me gana, entonces el cóndor le dijo:
- Veamos quién llega primero a la cima de ese cerro.
El tonto zorro corrió entre piedras y montes. El cóndor, en cambio, corrió unos metros, levantó vuelo y se adelantó. El zorro corría y saltaba tratando de alcanzar al cóndor. Al atardecer el cóndor esperaba al zorro donde comienza la nieve. El zorro le dijo:
 - Yo aguanto mejor el frío y la altura que tú, veamos quien puede pasar la noche sobre la nieve.
 - De acuerdo, contestó el cóndor. El cóndor extendió una de sus largas alas y puso una pata sobre ella.
Cuando le daba frío, cambiaba y extendía su otra ala y ponía la otra pata encima. Cada cierto tiempo el cóndor preguntaba:
 - ¿Zorro sigues ahí? - El zorro respondía ¡chulululu!
Cada vez respondía más débilmente hasta que ya no contestó, estaba amaneciendo y hacía cada vez mas frío el zorro se había congelado y muerto.

Wandering Star by Poliça

Gödels Theorem

Gödels Theorem ist das tiefgreifenste Ergebnis der mathematischen Logik. Es hat weitreichende philosophische Konsequenzen für die Grenzen des Wissens und das Wesen des Geistes. Im System der modernen Logik können arithmetische Aussagen ausgedrückt werden, z.B.: "Für jedes Paar von Zahlen n und m gilt: n + m = m + n." Man kann zudem Axiome formulieren -- die sogenannten "Peano-Axiome" --, mit deren Hilfe viele mathematische Wahrheiten bewiesen werden können.

   Es kam jedoch die Frage auf, ob man ausgehend von diesen Axiomen alle arithmetischen Wahrheiten beweisen könne, ohne eine falsche Aussage zu beweisen. Kurt Gödel beantwortete diese Frage mit Nein. Zunächst entdeckte er eine Kodierung, durch die arithmetische Aussagen so interpretiert werden können, dass sie etwas über sich selbst aussagen und darüber, was mit verschiedenen Axiomen bewiesen werden kann. Dann fand er eine arithmetische Aussage (K), die in seiner Kodierung Folgendes besagt: "(K) ist nicht beweisbar." Er schlussfolgerte, dass die Axiome eine falsche Aussage beweisen, falls (K) beweisbar ist. Aber wenn (K) nicht beweisbar ist, dann ist die Aussage wahr, und folglich gibt es eine Wahrheit, die die Axiome nicht beweisen.

   Es gibt nicht nur mathematische Wahrheiten, die nicht mit den Peano-Axiomen bewiesen werden können, vielmehr bleiben grundsätzlich in Axiomensystemen einige Wahrheiten unbeweisbar. Dies wird als "Gödels Unvollständigkeitstheorem" bezeichnet. Mit ihm scheint eine Grenze für mathematisches Wissen gesetzt zu sein.     

Kants kategorischer Imperativ

Widerspruchsfreiheit ist das A und O der Moral. Wenn ich glaube, eine bestimmte Behandlung verdient zu haben, dann sind auch andere in meiner Situation berechtigt, diese Behandlung zu erfahren. Der deutsche Philosoph Immanuel Kant behauptete, dass die Widerspruchsfreiheit gewährleistet ist, wenn man dem "kategorischen Imperativ" folgt. Er lautet: "Handle jederzeit nach derjenigen Maxime, deren Allgemeinheit als Gesetzes du zugleich wollen kannst !" Wenn eine Regel oder Maxime ohne Widerspruch von jedem befolgt werden kann, kann man danach auch nicht falsch handeln. Stellen Sie sich vor, Sie würden sich Geld leihen und versprechen, es zurückzuzahlen, obgleich Sie wissen, dass Sie dies nie tun werden. Die Regel, der Sie dann folgen würden, könnte so lauten "Mach ein falsches Versprechen, wenn es deinen Interessen dient !" Die entscheidende Frage ist nun, ob sich eine widerspruchsfreie (und damit moralische) Welt ergäbe, wenn diese Regel ein allgemeines Gesetz wäre, dem alle automatisch folgen würden, wenn sie in Ihrer Situation wären. Natürlich nicht, den niemand würde dann einem Versprechen Glauben schenken, und die Institution des Versprechens wäre somit unmöglich. Folglich könnten Sie erst gar kein falsches Versprechen geben. Die Regel, die Sie in Betracht gezogen haben, stimmt also nicht mit dem moralischen Gesetz überein. Versprechen zu brechen, erweist sich somit als moralisch falsch. 

Where's the ANY key?

'To Start Press Any Key'.

 Where's the ANY key? 

To infinity and beyond ...

What happens when an unstoppable force meets an immovable object?

Can God create a stone so heavy it cannot be lifted, not even by God Himself?

The immovable object and the irresistible force are both implicitly assumed to be indestructible, or else the question would have a trivial resolution ("it destroys it"). Furthermore, it is assumed that they are two separate entities, since an irresistible force is implicitly an immovable object, and vice versa. Another common answer is: "The former is consumed by the latter, with an immeasurable release of heat"
 
Such, an irresistible force cannot exist because it would require an infinite amount of energy which is not possible in a finite universe. An immovable object cannot exist because everything is constantly moving and an object that large would collapse under its own weight and create a black hole.

Your favourite quote here

" This is your life and it's ending one minute at a time. "

          --- narrator in Fight Club

Golden Eyelids by Lost In TheTrees

Include a llama in the emoticons of msn please

Thanks to the developers of Microsoft Messenger, they make gifts like: flowers, pizzas, cars, balls, etc. very cheap for the users  and thanks to all external icon designers. But it would be too much to ask to include a llama in the list of  the standard emoticons... please :) 
Something like this would be nice 

Resumen en tres hojas de la ciencia de los pollitos

En caso de pánico durante un discurso en un idioma que dominas a nivel MUY BASICO, haz uso de la ciencia de los pollitos, aquí tienes un ejemplo:

http://www.scribd.com/doc/91573142/pollito 

Gracia a Oliver por este grandioso aporte. :) 
Original link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yL_-1d9OSdk

Real Madrid - Bayern München 3:4 penalty shoot-out(1:2)

WHAT A THRILL !

¿Por qué es importante reforzar la lectura compresiva durante el primer ciclo de aprendizaje?

 (by Silvia)

Asumimos como punto de partida que la lectura es el resultado del despliegue de procesos cognitivos diversos, pero también es una practica social que entra en relación dialéctica con esos procesos modificándolos, desde una perspectiva sociointeractivista, de manera sustantiva

Partimos de la base de que en el seno de lo social, existen distintas comunidades de lectura. Estas, en virtud de los procesos de fragmentación social relacionados con recorridos sociales diferenciados de los distintos actores (años de estudio, procesos de aprendizaje diferentes, culturas, etc.), conciben y practican la lectura de manera diferente. 

El aprendizaje de la lectura, especialmente la comprensión, forman parte de cualquier programa educativo en la etapa de aprendizajes básicos  de las escuelas primarias de Bolivia y se asume que los docentes de los distintos niveles del sistema constituyen distintas comunidades de lectura con representaciones diferentes de lo que supone leer. Sin embargo este tópico de enseñanza aprendizaje queda muchas veces relegado en la aplicación dentro del aula en horas de clases. Peor aun, el tiempo dedicado a las actividades de lectura, que se cree es suficiente “dentro de lo posible”, no garantiza que el alumno alcance un nivel de proficiencia en este campo tan esencial que permite alcanzar los objetivos de otras áreas.

La lectura es cuando menos un requisito indispensable en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de otras asignaturas y es mas en el momento de exigir una retroalimentación del alumno en el proceso E-A. Cabe hacer una aclaración en este punto pues al igual que las matematicas, la lectura no encuentra su carácter útil hasta que se realiza en la vida cotidiana (lectura de periódicos, libros, revistas, foros y otros medios de transmisión de la información). Luego la lectura se convierte en una herramienta que permite al individuo comprender lo que el autor quiere transmitir con su escrito. Por el contrario, la lectura carece de utilidad cuando solo se limita a la acción de descifrar “simbolos” agrupados en palabras.

La lectura de comprensión es sin duda el objetivo al que se debe apuntar, puesto que resulta de mayor utilidad para el niño que la lectura ensimismada en el proceso de reconocimiento de silabas “incrustadas” en palabras y luego en oraciones sin un sentido global de la información que el autor del escrito trata de transmitir.

Aunque la primera instancia de la enseñanza de la lectura, es la lectura plana de textos, el objetivo final al que se debería apuntar es la lectura de comprensión. Según Piaget normalmente  un niño de 7 a los 12 años es capaz de manejar conceptos abstractos y de establecer relaciones, el niño trabajara con eficacia siguiendo las operaciones lógicas, siempre utilizando simbolos referidos a objetos concretos y no abstractos, con los que aun tendrá dificultades.

Por esta razón, el niño trata de realizar una lectura plana del texto sin darle un valor global a la información, mucho menos una abstracción de los puntos importantes del escrito. De ahí preguntas como ¿Cuál es la moreleja del cuento?, con las que se trata de explicar y orientar la comprensión de un tema de lectura seleccionado por el educador para que el educando lo entienda cabalmente. Por lo expuesto con estas situaciones, se puede diagnosticar que la lectura de comprensión necesita actividades que refuercen el trabajo que el profesor de primaria realiza en el aula.

Barca - Chelsea 2:2 (0:1)

Uff, Chelsea moves on to the final. They nearly lost every statistic, in the end the result counts. Brave Barca; good luck you crazy English on 19th of may.

{hello_world}

About me

The forerunner of this blog is Oliver, who had the idea of ​​sharing our interests: education, computers, music, languages ​​and football on the internet.

 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7HJ48oJ7IQE&feature=fvst
 
Thanks for being my friend Oli